Retinol or Retinal – Which Is Better for Your Skin? A Complete Guide to Clear Up Your Doubts

In this article, you'll find an honest, expert comparison of retinol and retinal, based on dermatological knowledge and skincare practice. We'll also answer which retinoid to choose for your skin and how to use it safely to avoid irritation.

Retinoids – Why Do They Work So Effectively?

Retinoids, vitamin A derivatives, are among the most well-researched active ingredients in cosmetology.

On the skin level:

accelerate cell renewal

• stimulate fibroblasts to produce collagen and elastin
• lighten discolorations
• have anti-acne properties
• help smooth wrinkles and improve skin firmness

This is why retinol and retinal are the foundation of anti-aging skincare.

Retinol – a classic loved by millions

Retinol is the most popular form of retinoid in cosmetics. After application to the skin, it must undergo two conversions to become active retinoic acid:

retinol → retinal → retinoic acid

The more conversions, the slower the effect – that's why retinol works gradually, with results typically visible after 8–12 weeks.

Retinol advantages:

• well-researched ingredient
• available in a wide range of concentrations
• ideal for wrinkles, discoloration, and uneven texture
• great for those with normal, dry, and mature skin

Disadvantages:

• may cause irritation
• acts slower than retinal
• requires patience

Retinal – a new generation of retinoids, faster and gentler

Retinal (retinaldehyde) is a more modern form of vitamin A and the closest over-the-counter retinoid to retinoic acid. It requires only one conversion:

retinal → retinoic acid

This makes it work:

• faster
• more effectively at lower concentrations
• more gentle on the skin barrier

Furthermore, retinal has antibacterial properties, making it ideal for acne-prone and problem skin.

Advantages of retinal:

• faster results than retinol
• lower risk of irritation
• antibacterial
• ideal for sensitive, couperose-prone, and acne-prone skin
• also works well under the eyes

Disadvantages:

• higher price
• lower product availability

Retinal and Acne – an Advantage Confirmed by Research

One of the most important discoveries in recent years is that retinal has proven antibacterial properties and can inhibit the growth of the bacteria Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) – responsible for inflammation and breakouts.

Retinol only gains its antibacterial properties after being converted into retinal, so in practice:

retinal works more strongly and quickly on acne than retinol.

This makes it an excellent choice for those struggling with:

• blackheads,
• inflammation,
• papules and pustules,
• oily skin.

Retinol vs. Retinal – Key Differences

Retinol Retinal Features

Conversion to active form: 2 steps, 1 step

Action rate: slower, faster

Effectiveness: high, very high

Risk of irritation: higher, lower

Recommended for normal, mature, sensitive, acne-prone, and vascular skin

When to choose retinol?

Choose retinol if:

• You have normal, dry, or mature skin
• You want classic anti-aging care
• You prefer more affordable products
• You're just starting your retinoid journey

How to use retinoids safely? 3 golden rules

1. Introduce gradually

Start with:

• twice a week
• then 3-4 times
• ultimately every other day

2. ALWAYS use SPF 50

Retinoids sensitize the skin to UV radiation.

3. Maintain the hydrolipid barrier

Use:

• ceramides
• squalane
• panthenol
• hyaluronic acid

Summary – retinol or retinal?

Both work, but each works differently.

➤ If you want quick results without irritation, choose retinal.

➤ If you prefer classic, proven solutions and have normal or mature skin, choose retinol.

Most important?

Regular use, SPF protection, and good hydration.